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    Home » Dessert

    How to Make Choux Pastry

    Published: Aug 3, 2020 · by Elizabeth Waterson · This post may contain affiliate links, which may pay me a small commission for my referral at no extra cost to you! Thank you for supporting Confessions of a Baking Queen!

    Jump to Recipe
    choux pastry cream puffs on a silpat lined baking sheet

    Choux Pastry, also known as pâte à choux, is a light pastry dough used in many European desserts. This easy recipe shows step-by-step photos so you can master this delicious pastry!

    up close of a cream puff on a speckled white plate

    Growing up my mother hosted many dinner parties, one of her classic go-to treats was cream puffs drizzled with a coffee icing. They ALWAYS disappeared at parties.

    While you can easily buy a box of frozen cream puffs making them from scratch is quite easily done!

    I love the customizations you can do with cream puffs. Check out the bottom of the post for all the fillings and toppings I like to use. I also have a recipe for cream puffs and chocolate cream puffs.

    silpat lined tray of choux pastry baked
    ice cream filled choux pastry dipped in chocolate on a dessert stand on a white surface

    Let's get to the recipe.

    Jump to:
    • What is choux pastry
    • Ingredients for pâte à choux
    • How do you make choux pastry
    • How to fill
    • FAQ
    • Recipe Card
    • Recipe Ratings & Comments
    plate of cream puffs dusted in powderd sugar next to an orange linen

    What is choux pastry

    Also known as pâte à choux it is a simple pastry that is made without a leaving agent, the dough rises thanks to the high moisture content. Similar to Yorkshire Puddings, when baking them do not open the oven door! You want to keep as much heat and steam inside.

    Choux pastry is a simple, airy, light, and crispy pastry. The outer shell is light and crisp and the inside is almost hollow like, super airy.

    Pâte à choux is used in many European pastries, you will most likely recognize choux pastry from Creme Puffs, Profiteroles, or Eclairs.

    The beauty of this pastry is that you can make the dough up to 5 days before you plan to bake it! Once baked the pastry is best served that day.

    The liquid and moisture from the eggs are what helps the pastry rise, adding water specks to the sheet pan helps create even more moisture in the oven creating a better more successful rise for the pastry.

    coffee drizzle cream puffs on a white speckled plate next to an orange linen

    Ingredients for pâte à choux

    • Salted Butter. I prefer salted but you could use unsalted. We are cooking the butter until it melts so no need to soften the butter ahead of time.
    • Salt. I always add salt to my baked goods, don't skip it, trust me!
    • Granulated Sugar. Just a bit gives the tiniest sweetness to the flavor profile.
    • Whole Milk. Some recipes call for all water or all milk, I find a combination of the two to create a delicious pastry.
    • Water. Just plain tap water is good!
    • All-Purpose/ Plain Flour. I prefer unbleached flour.

    How do you make choux pastry

    In a medium-sized heavy-bottom saucepan add the butter, salt, granulated sugar, water, and milk. Cook over low-medium until the butter has melted. Let the mixture heat up to just before the boiling point. You want the sugar and salt to be fully melted into the liquid.

    sick of butter and milk and water in a small saucepan on a white marble surface with an orange linen
    liquid ingredients for choux pastry mixed together a small saucepan on a white marble surface with an orange linen

    Add the flour and use a wooden spoon to beat it in, avoiding splashing the liquid, during this, I usually hold the pot off of the heat to ensure the flour is fully mixed in, you don't want any flour lumps, it needs to be smooth. The mixture will look weird and you'll be thinking you've done something wrong, but just keep mixing. The flour needs to absorb all of the liquid.

    flour added to wet ingredients with a wooden spoon in a small saucepan on a white marble surface with an orange linen

    Place the pot back on the heat. You will need to mix for a couple of minutes, the mixture will come to a ball and pull away from the sides. Keep the pot over low-medium heat, mixing constantly, warming the mixture to cook of any excess liquid.

    choux pastry mixed together in a small saucepan on a white marble surface with an orange linen

    If you were to stick a normal spoon into the dough it would stand up straight without falling over, if the spoon falls over the dough has too much moisture still and needs to cook a little longer.

    Take off the heat and add to the bowl of an electric stand mixer, or if using a handheld mixer use a large bowl. Let the dough cool for 10 minutes before moving on to the next step.

    Once the dough is cooled add three eggs, one at a time, mixing on low- medium speed after each addition so the egg is fully incorporated.

    egg added to choux pastry in a large metal bowl on a white marble surface with an orange linen

    Make sure to scrape the bottom and sides of the bowl after each egg. Don't over mix, you don't want to add to much air.

    The final egg I whisk it in a bowl and add half of it to the dough. You may or may not need all of the last egg, every dough is different. You want to check the dough after the half of the egg is combined to see if it is ready.

    choux pastry being mixed in a large metal bowl on a white marble surface with an orange linen
    choux pastry mixed together in a large metal bowl on a white marble surface with an orange linen
    hand holding a paddle attachment over a metal bowl of choux pastry on a white marble surface with an orange linen

    The dough is ready when it is more of a pipe-able texture if you hold the paddle attachment up and let the dough drip off you will notice it falls into a v shape.

    This may very well mean that you don't use all of the fourth egg.

    choux pastry dough in a large metal bowl on a white marble surface with an orange linen

    The dough is easily moveable and elastic but holds its shape, and it has a beautiful glow to it and sheen to it. In the photo below you can see I used a clean finger to draw a line in the dough and it held its shape without collapsing on itself.

    choux pastry ready to go in a metal mixing bowl on a grey surface
    choux pastry in a clear piping bag in a plastic cup with a round tip

    When the dough is ready, place a large piping bag with a large round tip or no tip at all and add the dough. I like to place the piping bag inside a large glass so that it holds the bag up for me. At this point, you can place it in the fridge for up to 5 days before cooking. Or you can pipe it out.

    I usually make eclairs or cream puffs. Choux pastry does puff up quite a bit so be careful not to pipe them too large or too close together. For eclairs I will also often use a star tip to pipe the dough.

    choux pastry piped into cream puff shape on silpat lined baking sheet on a white marble surface
    choux pastry piped out into an eclair shape on silpat lined baking sheet on a white marble surface

    When piping for cream puffs or profiteroles I pipe about a 1 ½ inch circle by piping straight down and letting it expand in both height and width.

    For eclairs, I pipe about a 3-31/2 inch rectangle.

    You will notice when you pipe that there may be a little bit of the pastry taht sticks up or to the side- we do not want any dough poking out- as it can burn. So dip your finger in water and gently press the dough into place.

    Then I flick the silpat liner with water, the water will create steam in the oven helping the choux pastry to cook at a more even level.

    hand pressing tops of cream puffs down before bakng on silpat lined baking sheet on a white marble surface

    Whatever you do, do not open the oven door when baking these. Opening the oven door releases some of the heat, which can cause the choux pastry to collapse.

    Bake for 10 minutes then reduce the temperature to 350F/180C and bake for an additional 20-25 minutes.

    When the choux pastry has baked for 25 minutes total, so 15 minutes into the second temperature, I quickly pull the tray out of the oven and use a sharp knife point or a skewer to prick the shells on the side- this will help release the heat and steam from inside, ensuring the center is dried out. Don't leave the oven door open when you are pricking the pastries, you need the oven to stay hot.

    Place the tray back in the oven and cook for an additional 5-10 minutes, you want a gorgeous golden brown color.

    baked choux pastry profiteroles on a silpat lined baking sheet

    Once they have reached their golden brown color and are done, turn the oven off, open the oven door completely and let them cool in the oven for 10 minutes, then place them in a draft-free place to cool completely.

    You need to let them cool completely before attempting to fill.  Store the pastry in an airtight container for up to a day before using, but keep in mind these taste best the day they are baked. 

    piping bag with whipped cream and a blue piping tip next to a plate full of cream puffs, a baking tray of choux pastry, and a powdered sugar sifter

    How to fill

    You can either cut/ tear the pastry in half as I have in the photo below. And scoop the filling in.

    hand holding open choux pastry cream puff over a tray of more pastries

    Or you can use a piping tip and just stick it into the side of the shell and squeeze/ press the filling in.

    piping bag piping cream into the side of a cream puff over a background of more pastries

    I like to dust the tops with powdered sugar.

    cream puffs on a speckled white plate with an orange linen next to (

    You can also fill them with ice cream, whipped cream, or pastry cream. Get creative and use coffee icing and a chocolate glaze for a mocha flavor!

    I have a recipe for coffee pastry cream, dulce de leche pastry cream, chocolate pastry cream, and regular vanilla bean pastry cream.

    You can top them with a coffee drizzle like my mom does or with a chocolate ganache, or keep it simple with the confectioners sugar.

    coffee drizzled cream puff on a white and brown speckled plate

    For a coffee drizzle combine 1 cup of sifted confectioners sugar with 1-2 tablespoons of strong brewed coffee. I like to use a teaspoon or two of instant espresso powder mixed with a drop or two of hot water. Then drizzle away!!

    cream puff dipped in a bowl of chocolate ganache in a glass bowl on a white marble surface next to a white and grey linen and a blue piping bag

    When making a chocolate ganache for cream puffs I like a 1:1 ratio so if I use 8oz of finely chopped chocolate I will use 8oz of warmed heavy whipping cream to melt the chocolate and create the ganache.

    I like to fill my cream puff first then dip it in the bowl of chocolate ganache.

    If you wanted an extra shiny chocolate ganache glaze you could add 1 teaspoon of or golden syrup or corn syrup to it.

    I saw this recipe for Oreo Cream Puffs and I have to try it next!!!

    vanilla filled eclair cup open stacked on top of a chocolate filled eclair cut open on a white marble surface

    FAQ

    Do cream puffs need to be refrigerated?

    After the filling is added you need to refrigerate them. The choux pastry on its own can sit at room temperature.

    How do you know when choux pastry is baked all the way?

    The pastry will be golden brown and puffed up.

    Can you freeze choux pastry?

    Yes after the pastry is baked and cooled completely you can freeze the shells. Freshly baked shells taste better than frozen-thawed ones though.

    How long ahead of time can I fill the choux pastry?

    Ideally only 1 hour ahead of time, two if you must.

    How do I prevent a flat and soggy dough?

    Don't add all of the eggs, each batter is different. You will know when the choux pastry dough is ready when it has a sheen and glow to it. The dough should be easily moveable and elastic but hold its shape. If you drag a clean finger to draw a line/ trough in the dough and it held its shape without collapsing on itself the dough is ready.

    What can you fill choux pastry with?

    Whipped cream, ice cream, or pastry cream are the common fillings.

    What is the difference between a cream puff and a profiterole?

    Both are made with choux pastry but a cream puff is filled with whipped cream and a profiterole is filled with ice cream and has a chocolate glaze on top.

    Why do cream puffs deflate?

    You either opened the oven to early and let the hot air escape or the choux pastry was not baked long enough.

    ★★★★★ Please let me know if you make this recipe by leaving a star rating and comment below!

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    piping bag with whipped cream and a blue piping tip next to a plate full of cream puffs, a baking tray of choux pastry, and a powdered sugar sifter

    How to Make Choux Pastry

    ★★★★★

    5 from 1 reviews

    Print Recipe
    Pin Recipe

    Choux Pastry, also known as pâte à choux, is a light pastry dough used in many European desserts. This easy recipe shows step-by-step photos so you can master this delicious pastry!

    • Total Time: 55 minutes
    • Yield: 20 Eclairs or 20-25 Cream Puffs 1x

    Ingredients

    Units Scale
    • 4oz (½ Cup) Salted Butter
    • ¼ Teaspoon Salt (Use ½ Teaspoon if using unsalted butter)
    • 2 Teaspoons Granulated Sugar
    • 2oz (¼ Cup) Whole Milk
    • 6oz (¾ Cup) Water
    • 125 grams (1 Cup) All-Purpose/ Plain Flour
    • 4 Large Eggs

    Filling Options 

    • Ice Cream
    • Stabilized Whipped Cream
    • Chocolate Pastry Cream
    • Vanilla Bean Pastry Cream

    Instructions

    1. If baking immediately the preheat oven to 415F/204C and line a baking sheet with a Silpat liner or parchment paper.
    2. In a medium-sized heavy-bottom saucepan add the butter, salt, granulated sugar, water, and milk. Cook over low-medium until the butter has melted. Let the mixture heat up to just before the boiling point.
    3. Add the flour and use a wooden spoon to beat it in, avoiding splashing the liquid, during this, I usually hold the pot off of the heat while mixing the flour in. Once the flour is combined place back on the heat and cook for a couple of minutes, the mixture will come to a ball. If you were to stick a normal spoon into the dough it would stand up straight without falling over, if the spoon falls over the dough has too much moisture still and needs to cook a little longer. 
    4. Take off the heat and add to the bowl of an electric stand mixer, or if using a handheld mixer use a large bowl. Let the dough cool for 10 minutes.
    5. Once the dough is cooled add three eggs, one at a time, mixing on medium speed after each addition so the egg is fully incorporated. Make sure to use a spatula to scrape the bottom of the bowl as well. The final egg I whisk it in a bowl and add half of it to the dough. You may need the whole egg you may not depending on your batter and the environment you are cooking in. The dough is ready when it is more of a pipe-able texture if you hold the paddle attachment up and let the dough drip of you will notice it falls into a v shape. The dough is easily moveable and elastic but holds its shape, and has a glossy sheen to it. You can also run your finger down the middle of the batter and the indent you make should hold its shape, not caving in on itself.
    6. Fit a large piping bag with a large ½" round tip or no tip at all for cream puffs or use a ½" star tip for eclairs and add the dough. At this point, you can cover the tip with plastic wrap and store this dough in the fridge for up to 5 days or bake immediately.  
    7. When piping for cream puffs or profiteroles I pipe about a 1 ½ inch circle by piping straight down and letting it expand in both height and width. For eclairs, I pipe about a 3-31/2 inch rectangle. Wet your finger and tap any poking out pastry in, if there are any peaks left out they will burn. Bake for 10 minutes then reduce the temperature to 340F/180C and bake for an additional 18-23 minutes. Do not open the oven door when reducing the temperature. When the choux pastry has baked for 25 minutes total I quickly pull the tray out of the oven and use a sharp knife point or a skewer to prick the shells- this will help release the heat and steam from inside, ensuring the center is dried out. Place the tray back in the oven and cook for an additional 5-10 minutes, you want a gorgeous golden brown color.
    8. When the choux pastry is baked let them cool in the oven turned off and door open for 10 minutes then cool completely on the counter in a draft-free place. You don't want to shock the temperature of the pastries and deflate them, before filling.  Store the pastry in an airtight container for up to a day before filling, in my opinion, these taste best the day of. Filled pastries will need to be kept in an air-tight container in the refrigerator. 

    Equipment

    half sheet pans

    Half Sheet Pan

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    silpat liner

    Silpat

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    oxo food scale

    OXO Kitchen Scale

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    • Author: Elizabeth Waterson I Confessions of a Baking Queej
    • Prep Time: 25
    • Cook Time: 30
    • Category: Dessert
    • Method: Bake
    • Cuisine: French

    Keywords: Choux Pastry recipe, how to make pâte à choux, easy pâte à choux recipe

    Did you make this recipe?

    Tag @confessionsofabakingqueen on Instagram and hashtag it #cbqbakes

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    1. Melanie says

      March 13, 2021 at 12:45 pm

      I want to make this but the recipe doesn't list eggs...or did I miss something?

      Reply
      • Elizabeth Waterson says

        March 13, 2021 at 1:27 pm

        Hi Melanie, thanks for reaching out, sorry for the confusion you need 4 eggs. I updated the recipe card. Please let me know if you have any other questions or if you try the recipe! thanks XX Liz

        Reply
    2. charmine worgull says

      September 24, 2021 at 8:47 am

      Can you make larger shells to make the cream puffs you get at the fair?

      Reply
      • Elizabeth Waterson says

        September 24, 2021 at 12:42 pm

        Hi Charmaine, I have never made huge cream puff shells I am not sure what ones you get at the fair, so sorry! You could try making larger ones just be careful with the bake time. Let me know how it works out if you try it! XX Liz

        Reply
    3. Monica Lazar says

      November 12, 2021 at 12:19 pm

      Thank you, Elizabeth! Absolutely delicious recipe!

      ★★★★★

      Reply

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    Waterson, Elizabeth Cropped Size Photo CAke copy 2

    Hiya! I am Elizabeth Waterson, welcome to my treat-filled site. After spending 15 years in the restaurant industry and growing up baking, I wanted to share my love of baking with you all. My step-by-step tutorials will help you learn how to bake at home. Confessions of a Baking Queen (CBQ) has been featured in CBS LA, HuffPost Taste, BuzzFeed, Taste of Home, and more! Here you will find loads of sweet recipes with a few savory ones for good measure. Feel free to message me with any questions! Happy Baking! 

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